sheol in a particular passage refers to the grave only or to life after this life in the intermediate state. The uncertainty as to how sheol should be interpreted in the Old Testament led to the extensive debate carried on by William G. T. Shedd with Charles Hodge. Shedd’s Dogmatic Theology debated at great length the meaning of sheol in his discussion on the intermediate state.4 Shedd took the position that when sheol is used of the saints it refers only to the grave, but when used of the unsaved,